Answer:
d) Forces are applied equally in all directions
Explanation:
Confining pressures are pressures imposed on a layer of soil by the weights of the layers on top of it. Confining pressures occur as a result of equal transmission of forces between the layers of a material (usually rock and soil).
It can also be described as an equal, all-sided pressure produced by overlying rocks in the crust of the earth. Â As the confining pressure increases, the critical elastic energy of the layers of the material transforms from linear to exponential.