Answer:
#1 = Institutions. The Kamakura shogunate functioned within the framework of the Heian system of Imperial rule. Yoritomo established a chancellery, or mandokoro, as his principal organ of government. Later, under the Hōjō, a separate institution, the hyōjōshū became the focus of government.
#2 = Qatar emerges as the country with the most efficient government, closely followed by Singapore. Rwanda's strong showing in seventh position was secured thanks in large part to the low level of waste in government spending
